Estimating the inelasticity with the information theory approach

Using the information theory approach, in both its extensive and nonextensive versions, we estimate the inelasticity parameter $K$ of hadronic reactions together with its distribution and energy dependence from $p\bar{p}$ and $pp$ data. We find that the inelasticity remains essentially constant in energy except for a variation around $K\sim 0.5$, as was originally expected.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. Misprints correcte

Pairs Of Solutions Of Asymptotically Linear Elliptic Problems

We establish the existence of two nontrivial solutions for the semilinear elliptic problem -Δu = g(x, u) in Ω u = 0 on ∂Ω, where Ω ⊂ RN is a smooth bounded domain, g €C1 (Ω × R \{0},R) is such that g(x,0) = 0 and asymptotically linear. Our proofs are based on minimax methods and critical groups. ©Dynamic Publishers, Inc.133375384Ahmad, S., Multiple nontrivial solutions of resonant and nonresonant asymptotically linear problems (1987) Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 96, pp. 405-409Ambrosetti, A., Mancini, G., Sharp nonuniqueness results for some nolinear problems (1979) Nonlinear Anal., 5, pp. 635-645Bartsch, T., Chang, K.C., Wang, Z.-Q., On the Morse indices of sign changing solutions of nonlinear elliptic problems (2000) Math. Z, 233, pp. 655-677Bartsch, T., Li, S., Critical point theory for asymptotically quadratic functionals and applications to problems with resonance (1997) Nonlinear Anal., 28, pp. 419-441Castro, A., Lazer, A.C., Critical Point Theory and the Number of Solutions of a Nonlinear Dirichlet Problem (1979) Ann. Mat. Pura Appl., 120, pp. 113-137Chang, K.C., (1993) Infinite Dimensional Morse Theory and Multiple Solutions Problems, , Birkhäuser, BostonDancer, D.N., Zhang, Z., Fucik Spectrum, Sign-Changing, and Multiple Solutions for Semilinear Elliptic Boundary Value Problems with Resonance at infinity (2000) J. Math. Anal. Appl., 250, pp. 449-464De Figueiredo, D.G., Positive Solutions of Semilinear Elliptic Problems (1982) Lectures Notes in Math., 957, pp. 34-87Hirano, N., Multiple nontrivial solutions of semilinear elliptic equations (1988) Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 103, pp. 468-472Hirano, N., Existence of nontrivial solutions of semilinear elliptic equations (1989) Nonlinear Anal., 13, pp. 695-705Hirano, N., Nishimura, T., Multiple results for semilinear elliptic problems at resond with jumping nonlinearities (1988) Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 103, pp. 468-472Li, C., Li, S.-J., Liu, J.-Q., Splitting theorem, Poincar-Hopf theorem and jumping nonlinear problems (2005) J. Funct. Anal., 221, pp. 439-455Li, S.-J., Perera, K., Su, J.-B., Computation of Critical Groups in Boundary Value Problems where the Asymptotic Limit may not Exist (2001) Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A, 131, pp. 721-723Li, S.-J., Su, J.-B., Existense of Multiple Solutions of a Two-Point Boundary Value Problems (1997) Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal., 10, pp. 123-135Li, S.-J., Willem, M., Multiple solutions for asymptotically linear boundary value problems in which the nonlinearity crosses at least one eigenvalue (1998) NoDEA Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 5, pp. 479-490Liu, J.Q., (1989) A Morse Index for A Saddle Point Syst. Sc. and Math. Sc., 2, pp. 32-39Mizoguchi, N., Multiple Nontrivial Solutions of Semilinear Elliptic Equations and their Homo-topy Indices (1994) J. Differential Equations, 108, pp. 101-119De Paiva, F.O., Multiple Solutions for Asymptotically Linear Ressonant Elliptics Problems (2003) Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal., 21, pp. 227-247De Paiva, F.O., Multiple solutions for elliptic problems with asymmetric nonlinearity (2004) J. Math. Anal. Appl., 292, pp. 317-327Perera, K., Multiplicity results for some elliptical problems with concave nonlinearities (1997) J. Differential Equations, 140, pp. 133-141Zou, W., Multiple Solutions Results for Two-Point Boundary Value Problems with Resonance (1998) Discret Contin. Dyn. Syst., 4, pp. 485-49

Morphogenesis on age categories of tillers in marandu palisadegrass

Knowledge regarding morphogenetic characteristics has contributed to the understanding of plant responses to variations in climatic conditions and management practices. However, the original framework has been developed for temperate grass species, and indicates no ontogenetic effect on the expression of morphogenetic traits. Similar information for tropical grass species is scarce, but not less important. This experiment aimed at evaluating the influence of tiller age on the morphogenetic characteristics of continuously stocked marandu palisadegrass swards maintained at 30 cm and fertilized with nitrogen (N). Treatments corresponded to three nitrogen application rates (150, 300 and 450 kg ha-¹ of N) plus the control (no fertilization) and were assigned to experimental units (1,200 m² paddocks) according to a complete randomized block design, with four replications. The following response variables were measured during autumn/winter (Jun. to Jul. 2007) and summer (Feb. to Mar. 2008): leaf appearance rate (LAR), leaf elongation rate (LER) and the age profile of the tiller population. In general, LAR and LER were higher on young (< 2 months old) relative to mature (2 to 4 months old) and old (> 4 months old) tillers during both autumn/winter and summer. During autumn/winter swards were mainly comprised of old tillers (> 4 months old), the opposite happening during summer, when they were mainly comprised of young tillers. Overall, there was no N effect within tiller age categories. Tiller age was an important factor interfering with the morphogenetic responses of marandu palisadegrass, indicating that there is an ontogenetic effect on plant morphogenesis that should be considered further in future studies of this natur

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. © Copyright